Market Strategy of Blue Cross Blue Shield Assignment

Market Strategy of Blue Cross Blue Shield - Assignment Example Favorable exploration demonstrates that in any event, during the budgetary emergency of 2008, the association has been heavenly a direct result of their high client value and premiums. Human services is one the components that were consistently strong. Taking a gander at the fiscal summaries, the organization made yearly deals of $75.7 million. This permitted the organization to use itself in the business.  One of the significant qualities of the association is its capacity to have a solid client base bolstered by its innovative foundation. The framework is intensely bolstered by its plan of action and seeing how innovation can serve its needs. In any case, the key advantage that the Blue Cross accomplished was the way that it permitted its clients to the openness of data absent a lot of deferral. In an industry where data is crucial, this association had the option to suit the necessities of their developing clients just as furnish data that was agreeable with HIPAA and ACA.  One of the significant qualities, as referenced previously, was the way that it had a solid client and income base. The premiums that were being gotten from the association genuinely outfit development and permitted the organization to get a solid limit as an organization.  One of the significant difficulties of the organization was to grow its private and open cloud with consistence. It was apparent that the hazard the executives associated with the protection business is an immense central point.â Blue Cross had a gigantic situation of growing their IT foundation limits by keeping up old records and making space for new clients. Besides, the company’s inspecting group had the option to guarantee the authenticity of system passwords inside their own IT foundation. With regards to distributed computing, numerous flavors are available.

Kosovo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Kosovo - Essay Example Albanians and Kosovar Serbs could be overseen. Old ethnic strains between these networks were resuscitated with the demise of Josif Tito in 1980 just as the crumbling of Yugoslavia thusly. Slobodan Milosevic, a nationalistic and entrepreneurial lawmaker rose to the administration of Serbia and shut down Kosovo’s semi-self-governing status and rankling the Albanian populace in greater part. This established frameworks of contention between Kosovar Albanians and Kosovar Serbs. The previous framed volunteer armies like the extreme Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) so as to battle for autonomy though the last had the help of Belgrade. The fundamental universal entertainer that entered the contention was The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) after a progression of bombed worldwide discretion with Serbia. The fundamental driver of contention of Kosovo was that NATO had thought little of Kosovo’s significance to the ethnic folklores of the Albanians and the Serbs that had b een making regional cases to the Balkans. While the Serbs asserted administration of Kosovo since this was wanted by God, Albanians had the explanation of their old Illyrian precursors being from Kosovo. The principal penetrates of peacefulness in Kosovo occurred in 1995 and 1996 (Bideleux). In 1998, Kosovo emitted into a full-fledge equipped clash partially in consequence of the Albanian outfitted uprisings of spring 1997. Up to 700,000 weapons were moved to Kosovo in those uprisings which helped the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) to deal with 33% of Kosovo and release a guerrilla war. NATO was convinced by the Balkans to pull back from military intercession in such a case that KLA succeeded, adjoining Macedonia could be destabilized. The Balkans called for regard of social liberties and rebuilding of independence in Kosovo. NATO’s aim behind propelling air crusade against the Serbian powers was intended for the improvement of political and compassionate conditions. Nonetheles s, NATO committed an error in not utilizing overpowering power on the side of the discretionary endeavors. The Serbs reevaluated dealings in view of the danger of increment of warplanes just as an ascent in the attacks’ beat. Kosovo was an encounter between the Serbs and the Albanians that prompted a circumstance of negative harmony disregarding all endeavors of NATO just as global responsibility and subsidizing that happened post-war. With the capacity to make sure about one populace, the universal network needed to experience security situations in the stage after the contention including insurance of a minority which was treated as a foe previously. As the Yugoslav armed force killed and removed Kosovar Albanians, NATO’s got fruitful noticeable all around battle and was in the situation to accomplish security for the Albanians. In any case, the occupation’s unforeseen long haul results and absence of clearness about the exit strategy’s long haul goals prevented a key arrangement, hence establishing the frameworks of a business as usual world of politics wherein Kosovo stayed disrupted. In spite of the fact that the last war can't be battled by the specialists, that last crusade has numerous exercises for them. A significant exercise to be gained from the contention in Kosovo is for the outside universal on-screen characters like NATO; when the global entertainers will in general secure a select minority bunch in a specific territory that is as of now isolated among ethnic, innate, and strict lines or networks, these actors’

Taking Nefazodone as an Antidepressant

Taking Nefazodone as an Antidepressant Bipolar Disorder Treatment Medications Print Taking Nefazodone as an Antidepressant FDAs Information on Possible Side Effects and Dosages By Marcia Purse Marcia Purse is a mental health writer and bipolar disorder advocate who brings strong research skills and personal experiences to her writing. Learn about our editorial policy Marcia Purse Updated on January 05, 2020 Paul Bradbury / Getty Images More in Bipolar Disorder Treatment Medications Symptoms Diagnosis Nefazodone is an antidepressant that may help those who have not responded well to other antidepressants. It does carry a rare, but serious, risk of liver damage so must be used carefully.   Overview Lets learn more about nefazodone, including its black box warnings, side effects, and dosages based on information from the FDA.   Its important to note that the sale of Serzone, the brand medication of Nefazodone, was discontinued in 2003 in the United States due to the rare occurrence of severe liver damage. But generic formulations of nefazodone are still available. Liver Failure Warning In rare cases, people taking nefazodone have developed liver failure. If you notice any of the following symptoms, call your doctor immediately: Yellowing of the skin or whites of eyes (jaundice)Unusually dark urineLoss of appetite that lasts several days or longerNauseaAbdominal (lower stomach) painFeeling unwell People who already have any liver problems should not take this medication. Doctors will regularly check your liver blood tests while taking nefazodone.   Suicide Black Box Warning As with all antidepressants, in the United States, nefazodone carries the  black box warning  regarding suicidality. Doctors prescribing this medication are advised to closely watch their patients for worsening of their depression or suicidal thoughts, especially at the start of the medication, or whenever there is a change in the dose.   Dosage According to the FDA, the manufacturers recommended starting dose is 200 mg/day in two doses, morning and evening. Dosage may be gradually increased, waiting for side effects to subside before going up to a new level. In clinical trials, the effective dose range was generally 300 to 600 mg/day.   Some improvement, especially in anxiety and sleeplessness (if present), should be felt by the patient within the first week or two. But it can several weeks to a few months for the full benefits of nefazodone to be experienced. Drug Interactions Consult your doctor before taking nefazodone if you are also taking any of the following medications, because serious interactions may occur: Tegretol (carbamazepine) - Often prescribed as a mood stabilizer for bipolar disorderHismanal (astemizole) - An allergy medication â€" now withdrawn from the marketOrap (pimozide) - An antipsychotic medicationPropulsid (cisapride) - A medication for acid reflux diseaseAny MAOI antidepressantHalcion (triazolam) - An anti-anxiety medicationXanax (alprazolam) - An anti-anxiety medication Allow two weeks between stopping any MAOI and starting nefazodone, and one week between discontinuing nefazodone and starting treatment with any MAOI. There are many other drug interactions with nefazodone, so read the patient information accompanying your prescription completely. Notify your doctor if you discover any potential problems. Also, the manufacturer recommends that patients notify their doctor if they become pregnant or are planning a pregnancy while on the medication. Patients should also contact their doctor if they are breastfeeding.   Side Effects Nefazodone operates by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine, which are brain chemicals associated with depression. However, unlike the SSRI antidepressants, nefazodone associated with minimal weight gain and minimal sexual side effects. In addition, the reported activation of mania/hypomania may be lower with nefazodone than with some other antidepressants in bipolar patients. That being said, some risk remains, so patients should be monitored by their doctor for the onset of mania or hypomania when taking this or any antidepressant. Most common side effects include: SleepinessDry mouthNauseaConstipationWeaknessDizzinessProblems with visionLightheadednessConfusion What Should I Do? If your doctor is considering nefazodone for your depression, be sure you follow up  with him closely.

Export of Wine to Malaysia - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 13 Words: 3992 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/09/23 Category Advertising Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? |Contents |Page | |Executive summary of main findings of report |3 | |Introduction to the report .. |4 | | |5 11 | |Product/service and brief company background including why it might consider overseas expansion | | |. | |What are Rose s | | |Examples of some Australian Rose s | | |The Yarra Valley and Yarrawood Estate Pty Ltd | | |Malaysia and Wines; The Export Market Target | | |Malaysia and Wines; Market Trends | | |Malaysia and Wines; Market Opportunities | | |Malaysia and Wines; A Competitive Environment | | |Malaysian Importing, Distribution, Wholesaler Companies | | | |12 | |Brief introduction to chosen country .. | | |Malaysia in Brief | | | |13 15 | |Economic Analysis | | |5. 1 Malaysia’s Economy Overview | | |Wine in Malaysia; a brief economic outlook | | | |16 – 17 | |Political Legal Analysis . | |Malaysian Market Requirements | | |Tariffs, regulations and customs | | | |18 -19 | |Cultural Analysis | | |7. 1 Wine Drinkers in Malaysia | | |7. 2 T he Economy, GDP and Wine | | |Discussion of contemporary or other environmental issues |20 | |Conclusions .. 21 | |Reference list .. |22 25 | 1. Executive Summary This report was written to examine the export of Yarrawood Tall Tales Rose wines into Malaysia. The research draws attention to the fact that Malaysia’s wine consumption is growing due to the following; 1. As at 2009, the total retail sales of food and beverages were estimated at US$11 billion (USDA Foreign Agricultural Service 2009) 2. Despite it being a Muslim country, the Malaysian wine market value is estimated at A$119 million where in 2008 a total 6. 7 million litres of wine was exported with Australia supplying 3. 1 million litres of the total import (AUSTRADE). 3. Malaysia is one of the more affluent nations with a GDP per-capita of about US$6,807 in 2007. 4. Malaysia’s economy is presently growing between 3. 4% – 6. 3%. 5. Approximately 97% of the working population continues to be gainfu lly employed. Most importantly, over 60% of the population are in the middle to high income group with a growing purchasing power. (USDA Foreign Agricultural Service 2009) It is recommended that in order to ensure success in the Malaysian market we proceed with the following; 1. Partner with a local established distributor as they already have market presence, experience with the customs department and related legalities 2. Enter the market offering Yarrawood Tall Tales Rose wines due to Rose wines being limited in availability, variety and supply. 3. To engage services of local sales and public relations company to promote out variety of wine to the general public via press releases, wine tasting sessions, give away and corporate gifts 2. Introduction A growth in wine consumption has increased significantly in the last five years in Malaysia (Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation). Despite it being a Muslim country the minority Chinese and Indian races have opened up this marke t for the importing of wine. This has sparked an interest with the large wine exporters from France, Italy, Chile, South Africa, Spain, Portugal and Australia. According to the Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation, economic prosperity, more relaxed government policies, modern trends, increasing overseas travel and education, and the desire of internationally-educated graduates to retain lifestyles adopted while living abroad have all contributed towards an increasing westernisation of lifestyles. This report will focus solely on the export of the Yarrawood Tall Tales 2008 Rose wine from one of Victoria’s wines region, the Yarra Valley to Malaysia. (Yarrawood, 1996). The reasons for the specific export of the Rose wines are due mainly to its lack of variety and availability in the local market in Malaysia. Current dominating suppliers are from France and Italy which creates the possibility for Australian Roses to not only be exported but liked and gain market share. It is also best to collaborate with a local established distributor to gain market presence and penetration. 3. Product/service and brief company background including why it might consider overseas expansion 1. What are Rose s Rose s wines are described as gloriously alluring pinkish-reddish colour accompanied by fragrantly fresh and uplifting aromas. Their tastes are usually a blend of or inspired by fruits such as strawberries, watermelons, cherries, raspberries, lemons and so on (Ippolito. P, 2010). They are the perfect antidote to a summer’s beverage which makes it perfect for the export to Malaysia due to its all year round tropical climate. 2. Examples of some Australian Rose s Some of Australia’s Rose s wines as compiled by Paul Ippolito are †¢ Annies Lane Clare Valley Rose †¢ Bremerton Racy Rose †¢ Charles Melton Rose Of Virginia †¢ Devils Lair Fifth Leg Rose †¢ Dominique Portet Fontaine Rose †¢ Dowie Doole Rose †¢ Gibbston V alley Blanc de Pinot Noir †¢ Jacobs Creek Reserve Shiraz Rose †¢ Juniper Crossing Rose †¢ Mount Majura Rose †¢ Palandri Baldavis Estate Rose †¢ Parri Estate Rose †¢ Penley Estate Over the Moon Rose †¢ Pepperjack Grenache Rose †¢ Preece Rose †¢ Shottesbrooke McLaren Vale Merlotte Rose †¢ Wyndham Estate Bin 505 Shiraz Rose Yering Station Pinot Noir Rose 3. The Yarra Valley and Yarrawood Estate Pty Ltd There are currently 55 wineries in the Yarra Valley region (Melbourne Wine Region 2007), where some of Australia’s Rose wines are produced. They include boutique and commercial wineries alike; depending on their production volume, market concentration and size of vineyards. The decision to export the Rose wines specifically from this area was mainly due to logistics, costs and accessibility as La Chic Pty Ltd is based out of Melbourne, Victoria. Our company have recently collaborated with Yarrawood Estate Pty Ltd to export their ra nge of Yarrawood Tall Tales Rose wine to Malaysia. This strategic partnership was brought together by our respectively specialities; La Chic Pty Ltd with its market insights and knowledge of Malaysia that would mesh perfectly with Yarrawood’s production of their award winning Rose wines and also their exposure and experience in exporting wine overseas via Alibaba. com (AliBaba, 1999-2010) The Yarrawood Tall Tales Rose wines are harvested from Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot grapes on the Yarrawood estate. With the right climate, temperature and soil in the Yarra Valley have resulted in fully ripe and extremely flavoursome fruit. The Yarrawood Tall Tales Rose wines are distinctive as it incorporates flavours of Rose water and aromas of mulberry, strawberry and citrus fruits that provide a luscious lead into a balanced palate finished by guava and tropical fruit. This wine is best enjoyed young when the fruit flavours are freshest. The production time of this wine is most e conomical due to the fact that it does not need to be aged for a long time hence the quick turnaround of production that would ensure constant supply. This wine has won the Bronze Award in the Victoria wine Show 2009. It contains 13. 50% Alcohol and was bottled in September 2009 (Yarrawood, 1996). 4. Malaysia and Wines; The Export Market Target As mentioned earlier, the lack of supply and variety of the Rose wines had led to our desire to export them to Malaysia. Currently, red wine dominates the Malaysian market with almost 80% of volume sales. They include Cabernet at 28% which is the most popular red variety followed by Shiraz at 18%, which is largely attributed to the popularity of Australian wines. Based on the Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation, the female drinking population in Malaysia prefer white wines which include Chardonnay at 36% and Sauvignon Blanc 21% as the most popular white varietals. Australia, possibly due to its geographical location has been the number one wine exporter to Malaysia since overtaking France in  2001 with an estimated market share of 45-50% (Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation). Currently, sales of wines are limited and availability are via a selected few retail outlets such as supermarkets, hypermarkets and several specialist wine stores which are both on and off line. Direct wine sales have also been increasing in volume especially with these specialist wine stores operating online businesses. Besides these channels, many restaurants and hotels are host wine tasting sessions, which are leading to increased awareness and appreciation of wines. (Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation) 5. Malaysia and Wines; Market Trends Before the emergence of wine as a lifestyle choice drink, brandy and whisky were the most popular alcoholic beverage in Malaysia. Despite it being a Muslim country, the Malaysian wine market value is estimated at A$119 million where in 2008 a total 6. 7 million litres of wine was exported wit h Australia supplying 3. million litres of the total import (AUSTRADE). This goes to show that Malaysia is and would be a profitably market to penetrate especially if we are able to gain and sustain our market share with our Yarrawood Tall Tales Rose wines. There are several factors that contribute to this growing market; †¢ A majority of Malaysians due to overseas education and exposure are now more affluent, sophisticated and well-travelled consumers. †¢ As the British colonial days, once again wine is and has become a symbol of cultural refinement in Malaysia †¢ Malaysia has attracted a sizeable expatriate community †¢ There is a steady flow of tourists Once again due to overseas education and exposure, there are now a large number of younger wine drinkers who regard the consumption of wine as being modern and upmarket †¢ Wine has become the â€Å"healthier† choice compared to hard liquor like brandy and whisky (AUSTRADE) 6. Malaysia and Wines; Mar ket Opportunities As discussed, Malaysia is a growing market for the exporting of wines and especially Rose wines due to its lack and limited array of variety and availability. The numbers of wine drinkers will increase with the aid of direct and indirect exposures via; †¢ Regular showcasing and promotions of food-producing countries by five-star hotels in which wines are often one of the main items featured. †¢ Wine tasting events that incorporate lessons or with cooking classes. †¢ Feature articles in the local media. (AUSTRADE) Social media sites such as Facebook, Twitter and YouTube that offer streamed online wine tutorials such as the excellent case of Wine Actually. 7. Malaysia and Wines; A Competitive Environment Despite the imposed taxes and tariffs there are affordable wine ranges especially from the â€Å"New World† countries such as Australia, Argentina, Chile and South Africa. These wines are in the range of RM35. 00 – RM50. 00 approximately A$12. 50 – A$17. 85 (using the exchange rate of RM2. 80 to A$1. 00) per bottle which is cheap considering as mentioned tariffs and taxes (AUSTRADE). The target markets for this price range are the fresh graduates and new entrants into the workforce mainly due to income levels. Moving on to the next level which is the mid-price wines which would range between RM60. 00–RM110. 00 approximately A$21. 40 – A$39. 00 per bottle. These ranges of wines are mainly dominated by the Australian and Chilean wines. However, the South African wines are now offered in more variety and good value which is becoming a growing segment and a competitor to be reckoned with (AUSTRADE). The target markets for this price range are the young professionals also sometimes dubbed as the â€Å"yuppies†, returning home Malaysians from overseas and some expatriates. The premium priced wines range anywhere from RM110. 00 and above which are mainly dominated by Old World producers and f ew selected wines from Australia and Chile. These are the French, Italian, Spanish and American producers which have made a presence in the local market. Unfortunately, Australian exporters have been facing difficulty penetrating this segment as it is a segment mainly dominated by mature drinkers. Mature drinkers tend to shift towards Old World wines once they have acquired the taste of New World wines (AUSTRADE). These mature drinkers comprise of the more affluent, high income, possibly middle to old aged, and the expatriates. 8. Malaysian Importing, Distribution, Wholesaler Companies Our major competition, possible business partners and distributors in Malaysia; Luen Heng; †¢ Do not distribute Rose wines. Australia Wine Brands; Yering Station, Miranda, Tim Gramp, Goundrey, Lazy Lizard, Brokenwood, Parker Coonawarra. †¢ New Zealand Brands – Kim Crawford (only Sav Blanc) Asiaeuro †¢ Carry red and white wines. †¢ Also have 2 Sparkling wines; 1 of which i s a Brut Rose . †¢ 1 dessert wine. Casa Vino †¢ Sells 5 types of Rose s from Italy, France and South Africa †¢ Large selection of red and white wines †¢ Own retail outlets along with franchising opportunities Wine Malaysia †¢ Very limited number of wines †¢ Unattractive web design †¢ Low costs set up Wine Actually †¢ Very interesting set up. †¢ Owned and run by 2 overseas educated wine enthusiasts †¢ Excellent use of social media such as Facebook by incorporated wine tutorials on their Wine TV. They sell online without a retail store with pick-ups are welcomed †¢ They run wine appreciation classes. †¢ Sell affordable wines with ratings. †¢ Offer 4 types of Rose s from Italy and France. Denise Wines †¢ Reds, whites sparkling – no Rose †¢ One of the better established modern wine distributors †¢ Operating since 2001 †¢ Many retail outlets and possibly the biggest wine retailer in Malaysia. Th e Wine Club †¢ Rose s from France Italy only †¢ Provides membership similar to Wine Selectors in Australia. E Guide †¢ A similar website like Yellow Pages providing a list of businesses and shops selling alcohol which would have procured their supply from the companies listed here. | | |Nam Lee | |Only 1 Australian wine brand | 4. Brief Introduction to Chosen country 4. 1 Malaysia in Brief Malaysia gained its independence from Britain on 31 August 1957 and was formed in 1963 when the former British colonies of Singapore and the East Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak. However in 1965 it was Singapore’s secession from the Federation. During the 22-year term of Prime Minister Mahatir Mohamad (1981-2003), Malaysia experienced growth and was successful in diversifying its economy from dependence on exports of raw materials to expansion in manufacturing, services, and tourism. The population of Malaysia as at July 2010 was at 25,715,819 with an urban rate of 70% of the total population. You can say that it’s an urbanised nation due to this percentage. The major races in Malaysia are the Malays at 50. 4% followed by the Chinese at 23. 7%. The indigenous population are at 11% mainly in and from East Malaysia. Finally we have the Indian at 7. 1%, and other races at 7. 8%. Malaysia is a Muslim country as the Malay race prescribes to Islam at 60. 4%. The other religions are Buddhism at 19. 2% and with a Christians at 9. 1% and lastly Hinduism at 6. 3% (CIA World Fact Book, 2010). 5. Economic Analysis 5. 1 Malaysia’s Economy Overview Malaysia transformed from a producer of raw materials into an emerging multi-sector economy (CIA World Fact Book, 2010). The government have successfully attracted foreign investment into the country mainly due to its stable political climate and reasonable costs of labour and materials. Its geographic location is also strategic business as its neighbours Singapore and Thailand are stable, its on the shipping route and has good climate all year round. According to the CIA World Fact Book (2010), the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in relation to the Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) was at $383. 6 billion in 2009 and ranked 30th in the world. Despite the government’s efforts to wean off exports, the wine market would still have it place as Malaysia is not a wine producer nor are its neighbours. Because of this the market will only continue to grow. As at 2009, the total retail sales of food and beverages were estimated at US$11 billion. According to the USDA Foreign Agricultural Service (2009), the forecast for this sector is likely to grow by around 10 percent per annum over the next three to five years. In 2007, Malaysia imported a total of US$ 5. 1 billion of food and beverage products. Food imports have been positively growing on an average of over 20 percent per annum over the past few years and are expected likely to grow at similar rates over the next five year s (USDA Foreign Agricultural Service 2009). 5. 2 Wine in Malaysia; a brief economic outlook Competition in the sector (USDA Foreign Agricultural Service 2009 page 20) |Product |Major Supply Sources |Strengths of key |Strengths of key | | | |supply countries |supply countries | |Wine Import: |1. Australia 46% |Australia has developed |Malaysia does not | |7 million liters |2. France – 13% |a higher presence in the |produce any grape | |US$ 42. 5 million |3. USA 11% |market because of its |wine. | |(CIF value) | |price competitive New | | | | |World grape wines and | | | | |strong brand presence. | | | | | | | | |France dominates the | | | | |food service market and | | | | |competes on quality and | | | | |price. | | | | | | | | |USA supplies well known | | | | |brands of New | | | | |World wines to both the | | | | |retail and food | | Category A: Products Present in the Market That Have Good Sales Potential (USDA Foreign Agricultural Service 2009 page 26) Product |2003 |2007 |5 year |Import |Import |Market | |category |Imports |Imports |Average |Tariff Rate |Tariff Rate |attractiveness | | | | |Annual | | |for USA | | | | |Import | | | | | | | |Growth | | | | | | | |Rate | | | | |Wine |4 million |7 million |15 % |Import duty |Wine is |Category A. | | |litres |litres |growth per |of RM23 |increasingly |Opportunities | | |US$ 20 |US$ |annum. |per liter for |being |continue to | | |million |42. 5 |Fast |sparkling |consumed by |exist for US | | |(CIF |million |growing |wine. the younger |exporters to | | |value) |(CIF |market, |Import duty |generation of |expand this | | | |value) |particularly |of RM7 per |adult urban |market for | | | | |demanded |liter for |Malaysian |their new | | | | |at weddings |other |Chinese and |world wines as | | | | |and other |wines. |Indians, |increasing | | | | |major |Excise Duty |particularly |number of | | | | |celebration |of 15% and |those educated |young | | | | |as more |RM34/Ltr |abroad and/or |Malaysians | | | | |purchasers |for |are well travelled. acquire a taste | | | | |switch to |sparkling | |for wines as | | | | |wine |wine or | |opposed to | | | | |(sparkling |15% and | |whiskey and | | | | |and non-sparkling) |RM 12/Ltr | |brandy. | | | | |from |for other | | | | | | |spirits. |grape | | | | | | | |wines. | | | 6. Political Legal Analysis 6. 1 Malaysian Market Requirements First, the trading environment for wine is not difficult to negotiate in Malaysia. The main thing to ensure is that a company strictly follows the labelling regulations. One of the main things with labelling is that it clearly states that it is an alcoholic beverage for the protection of Malaysia’s Muslim consumers. The Government also imposes three taxes on wine imports. (Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation 2008) 6. 2 Tariffs, regulations and customs Should we engage in a local distributor they would need to obtain an import licence from the Royal Customs and Excise Department of Malaysia. All rel evant shipping and negotiable documents, including the pro-forma invoice, bills of lading and packing lists should be forwarded to the importer immediately after shipment (AUSTRADE). According to AUSTRADE, there are no import quotas or restrictions imposed by the Malaysian Government on wine and brandy presently. However, all liquor shipments entering the country are subject to customs clearance and duties. Its is customary for the Customs and Excise Department of Malaysia to remove one bottle from each case to assess the alcohol content, invariably affecting landed prices. Current import duty for still wines in containers holding two litres or less is RM7. 00 per litre  and  a  15 per cent Valorem Tax on the CIF + import duty value. Additionally, there is an excise duty of RM12. 00 per litre. At the end there is an additional  five per cent sales tax on the total value. AUSTRADE) As mentioned earlier, labelling is a important element to the alcohol beverages industry in Malaysia. The detailed guidelines are obtainable from the Department of Public Health Malaysia where it legislates that the label must include the following information: †¢ The specific description of the product †¢ The alcohol content stating the words ‘ARAK MENGANDUNGI % ALKOHOL’ †¢ The primary ingredients used in production †¢ A font size of 12 points must be used to inform Muslims, as non-alcoholic sparkling grape juice and other fruit juices are packaged in similar bottles. (AUSTRADE) 7. Cultural Analysis 7. 1 Wine Drinkers in Malaysia Historically, Malaysians have not been great wine drinkers but consumption has increased significantly in the past five years as hard liquor was more popular. However, economic prosperity, more relaxed government policies, modern trends, increasing overseas travel and education, and the desire of internationally-educated graduates to retain lifestyles adopted while living abroad have all contributed towards an increasing westernisation of lifestyles. Muslim Malaysians do not drink alcohol, leaving the market for wine principally made up of Chinese, Indians, foreign expatriates and tourists (Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation) 7. 2 The Economy, GDP and Wine In Asia, Malaysia is one of the more affluent nations with a GDP per-capita of about US$6,807 in 2007. It is regarded as an upper middle income country with its rank of being the 8th wealthiest nation in East Asia. Due to its mixed economy strongly comprising mainly of agricultural, services and manufacturing industries it has now a firm foundation. Its economy is presently growing between 3. 4% – 6. 3%. With its multi-racial population, it is a nation of multilinguals speaking at least two languages fluently including English which is widely used in the business environment. Malaysia has a young population comprising of 32% aged 15 years and below and 63. 5% in the 15 year to 64 year age range. Approximately 97% of th e working population continues to be gainfully employed. Most importantly, over 60% of the population are in the middle to high income group with a growing purchasing power. (USDA Foreign Agricultural Service 2009) Its neighbour Singapore is by far more modernised mainly due to its high expatriate population. However, Malaysia is improving in becoming more sophisticated and modern by western standards. Today, Malaysia provides a significant pool of active consumers who will continue to modernise their eating habits, leading to increasing consumption of imported food and beverages including the consumption of wine (USDA Foreign Agricultural Service 2009). 8. Discussion of contemporary or other environmental issues As mentioned above, the main consumers of wine would include the Chinese, Indian, Expatriate population including the constant inflow of tourists. Due to its strong economic growth, working and overseas educated population; Malaysia is the ideal hub for wine export. Cont ributing factors include both a stable economic and political climate conducive to the wine consumption an industry. 9. Conclusion The main conclusion that can be drawn is that with the correct business plan considering the legalities, the export of the Yarrawood Tall Tales Rose wines from Australia would be a successful venture. It should also be noted that its best to collaborate with a local established distributor as they have already established their presence and market penetration would be far easier and stronger. The higher the number of overseas educated, frequent travellers and expatriates, the higher the wine consumption in Malaysia will grow. With that the demand for our Yarrawood Tall Tales Rose wines would increase if and when positioned strategically. 10. Reference List AUSTRADE. (2010, May 6). Export Markets, Wines to Malaysia. Retrieved August 7, 2010 from https://www. austrade. gov. au/Wine-to-Malaysia/default. aspx Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation. (2008) . Malaysia. Retrieved August 7, 2010, from https://www. wineaustralia. com/australia/Default. aspx? tabid=1739 Australian Wine Sector Organisations. (2008). Retrieved August 10, 2010, from https://www. wineaustralia. com/australia/portals/2/pdf/wineorgflowchartNov2006. pdf Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation. (2008). Global Wine – Australia In Perspective. Retrieved August 7, 2010, from https://www. wineaustralia. com/australia/Portals/2/pdf/GlobalWineAustraliaInPer spective_CY_2008_updated. pdf CIA World Fact Book. (2010, August 19). Malaysia. Retrieved August 23, 2010 from https://www. cia. gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/my. html Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. Australia/NZ ASEAN Free Trade Agreement Negotiations. Retrieved August 21, 2010 from https://www. dfat. gov. au/trade/fta/asean/index. html Royal Malaysian Customs Department. Retrieved August 21, 2010 from https://www. customs. gov. my/index. php/en USDA Foreign Agricultural Serv ice. (2009, May 1). Global Agriculture Information Network – Malaysia Retail Sector Report. Retrieved August 8, 2010 from https://www. calwinexport. com/files/Malaysia%20Retail%20Food%20Sector%202009. pdf Yarra Valley Wine Growers Association. (2010). Retrieved August 9, 2010 from https://www. wineyarravalley. com/wineries-main/w2/i1001873/ Wikipedia. 2010, July 17). Rose. Retrieved August 21, 2010 from https://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Ros%C3%A9 Aussie Wines Online Wines and Liquors. Retrieved August 20, 2010 from https://www. aussiewines. com. au/AustralianWines_OnLine. php? wines=Rose Ippolito,P. (2010, February). Wine Talk, February 2007 A Celebration of Rose Wines. Retrieved August 21, 2010 from https://www. femail. com. au/wine-talk-february07. htm Wine Industry Statistics. (2009) Wine Production. Retrieved August 22, 2010 from https://www. winebiz. com. au/statistics/wine_production. asp Silkwood Wines. (2010). Australian Wines. Retrieved August 22, 2010 from https://ww w. silkwoodwines. com. u/web/Australian-Wines/White-Wine/Rose-Wines/Sweet-Rose-Wine/ Melbourne Wine Region. (2007). Melbourne Yarra Valley. Retrieved August 22, 2010 from https://www. melbourne-wine-regions. com. au/melbourne-yarra-valley-wine-region. html AliBaba. (1999-2010) Rose wine Suppliers. Retrieved August 22, 2010 from https://www. alibaba. com/trade/search? SearchText=rose+wine=AU=2=product_en=y Yarrawood Estate Vineyard. (1996). Retrieved August 22, 2010 from https://www. yarrawood. com. au/rose. html Malaysian Exporting Companies Luen Heng F Sdn. Bhd. Wine Importing and Distribution Company Malaysia. Retrieved August 8, 2010 from https://www. luenheng. com/home. php Asia Euro Wines and Spirits Sdn. Bhd. Wine Importing and Distribution Company Malaysia. Retrieved August 8, 2010 from https://www. asiaeurowines. com. my/ourbrand. asp Casa Vino Sdn Bhd. Wine Distribution Company. Retrieved August 8, 2010 from https://www. casavino. com. my/wineries. asp Milawa Sdn Bhd. Wi ne Importing and Distribution Company Malaysia. Retrieved August 8, 2010 from https://www. milawa. com/f-main. html Nam Lee Cheong Sdn. Bhd. Wine Importing and Distribution Company Malaysia. Retrieved August 8, 2010 from https://www. namleecheong. com. my/company. php Wine Malaysia. Online Wine Wholesaler. Retrieved August 8, 2010 from https://www. winemalaysia. com/ Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Export of Wine to Malaysia" essay for you Create order

Government Bailout for Corporate Failures Essay - 1458 Words

Gup (2003) brings out that financial trouble is a periodical concern that occurs to banks, industrial companies and other organizations. Gup begins his article by reviewing the history and importance of government bailouts for corporate failures. In his article on â€Å"What Does Too Big to Fail Mean?† he uses rhetoric questions in order to engage the readers in his analysis of government bailouts. For instance, he poses the question, â€Å"what should governments and government regulators do about it?† (Gup, 2003, p. 29). ‘It’ in this case referred to the periodical financial troubles of the above mentioned institutions. By using the question, Gup engages the reader in trying to think about what the government can do in cases where businesses face†¦show more content†¦This organization was meant to deal with the widespread business failures, unemployment and municipalities in financial distress. The RFC was however terminated in 1957 (Gup, 2003). Gup presents a second option which governments can adopt in response to business failures by exploring extents to whicht governments can move to protect companies from their competitors. He gives the example of how in 2002 George W. Bush imposed tariffs on imported steel so as to protect selected ailing steel companies from foreign competition. Gup highlights the opinions of others who claimed that the move by the former US President was not an action taken in national interest but was aimed at gaining West Virginia and Pennsylvania votes (Gup, 2003). Here Gup uses a skeptical statement and attempts to make the reader aware that government action can be intended for political gain instead of the goodwill of the nation. Gup also uses approaches aimed at narrowing down the scope of his article. He presents aspects of the wider topic about government bailouts and states that his article would not be reviewing those aspects. Gup in his beginning chapters warns the reader that there are also cases where there is the intervention of international bodies such as the International Monetary Fund, such as when the US Treasury and IMF aided Brazil, Mexico, Korea, Brazil, Argentina and otherShow MoreRelatedPro Business Or Anti Business775 Words   |  4 Pagesa business and the government allows them both to contribute their own skills to solve community problems. Collaborative partnership creates a community oriented effort to help aide and provide assistance where needed and to be socially responsive to human needs. Usually when the business and the government seek partnership they mutually respond to beneficial goals by working openly to achieve a common objective (Lawrence Weber, 2013, p.162). In other s ituations, government and business objectivesRead MoreBank Of America s Financial Crisis1744 Words   |  7 Pagesof America, one of the too big to fail companies, invested large amounts of money in similar financial domains with the failing companies, it survived and even acquired the Countrywide Financial and Merrill Lynch, because of its capital power and government assistance. Although Bank of America lost plenty of potential profits in the crisis and spent quite a lot on settlements, it is still better off then itself before the crisis: it did not lose money during the process though it earned less than expectedRead MoreAn Analysis of the 2009 Auto Bailout Essay3088 Words   |  13 Pagesdebts and losses as the U.S. Government handed them an initial bailout package worth $25 billion to rescue them from bankruptcy (Isidore). Through an analysis of the ethics behind government bailouts and an evaluation of arguments for and against the decision to give out such a package to the auto firms, I shall argue in this paper that, given the circumstances in which the decision had to be hastily made, it was morally justified for the U.S. government to reward the bailout package to the Big ThreeRead MoreAig Case Study633 Words   |  3 PagesCase Study: Coping with Financial and Ethical Risks at AIG Cesare Lucritzia Capella University In 2008-2009, AIG became one of the most controversial financial bailouts in U.S. history. AIG underwrites insurance risk coverage to insurance companies. If an insurance company acquires too much risk, they then go to AIG who is a reinsurance company. Reinsurance companies enable insurance companies the ability to sell more insurance policies and enable growth. Within AIG there was a divisionRead MoreTopic 6 – Bailouts And Buyouts. I Would Like To Start With749 Words   |  3 PagesTopic 6 – Bailouts and Buyouts I would like to start with a very famous quote greatly discussed in class and the book Bailout Nation. The quote by economist Allen Meltzer that noted – â€Å"Capitalism without failure is like religion without sin – it just doesn’t work† (Ritholtz, 4). In the past, companies like WorldCom and Enron where corruption, recklessness and high risk decisions have led investors, government, and the market overall to take a charge on them. They all lost their capital, reputationRead MoreGeneral Motors, The American Spirit, A Once And Future Symbol Of America s Success1149 Words   |  5 Pagesexpanded its market to China, India, Brazil and Europe. Due to a variety of causes including bad financial policies, uncompetitive vehicles, ignoring competition, and failure to innovate, GM found itself in trouble during the 2008 financial crisis. Eventually GM filed for bankruptcy and was bailed out by the United States government. Today, GM carries only four domestic br ands and 70% of its sales come from outside the United States. Why Globalize? GM entered the Neoliberal market because it wantedRead MoreAintroduction. A Strong And Resilient Banking System Is1509 Words   |  7 Pagessavers and investors. Moreover, banking institutions provide critical services to consumers, small and medium-sized enterprises, large corporate firms and governments, which rely on banks to conduct their daily business, both at a domestic and international level. However, the failure of a bank is unlike that of a non-bank firm, owing to their systemic risk. The failure of banks have the ability to impose large costs on society – externalities – which are not borne by bank shareholders; banks are materiallyRead MoreAmerican International Group Inc.1247 Words   |  5 Pagessome blamed the government for showing the lack of competence and planning out foolish economic and financial agendas for corporations. This contagion, which shortly and passively began in 2007 when we experienced sky-rocketing house prices plummeting downwards , spread quickly first in US financial market leading towards its effects overseas. The recession saw the cruelest casualties to the entire US investment banking industry, enterprises funded and chartered by the government for mortgage lendingRead MoreThe Issue Of Corporate Greed1287 Words   |  6 PagesIn exploring the issue of corporate greed, especially on Wall Street, we can decide if an issue is overblown by asking one question, â€Å"Can a life-ruining, economy-changing financial crisis be skewed for dramatic effect?† The Big Short tells the story of the financial crisis of 2008 and tackles the issue of corporate greed in the form of the true stories of a few men who saw the crisis coming. The issue is not overblown at all. This can be observed by simply looking to the devastation and chaosRead MoreCapitalism Hits The Fan By Economist Richard Wolf960 Words   |  4 Pagesoccurred due to unsecured home loans, subprime interest rates on those homes and speculation in the mortgage industry, and the 2000 crash of the stock market, each of which caused capitalism to hit the fan. During the Mortgage boom a New bank and corporate money maker at the expense of the American workers spurred the Overproduction of housing and speculators giving subprime mortgages to any American worker with a job, and not caring if the mortgages could be repaid due to the banks huge revenues made

Themes in Frankenstein Free Essays

Shelley uses multiple narrators, nested and frame narratives and an epistolary style to tell the story of Frankenstein. Comment on the effect of these and why she may have done this. Mary Shelly’s novel â€Å"Frankenstein† was written in 1818. We will write a custom essay sample on Themes in Frankenstein or any similar topic only for you Order Now The author uses different types of techniques to create a variety of different narrators and points of views by using a form of epistolary. Frame narration is also another great part of the novel that supports the complexity of layers in the book. These help present the suspicion element, characters point of view, the similarity between the main characters, and allow the reader to develop a personal opinion without the author resorting to the device of an omniscient narrator. The book starts with the letters from Robert Walton describing his voyage to the North Pole and his sighting of an ill man, who Walton later nurses back to health â€Å"A man in wretched condition† pg.11. After a recovery, the stranger, Victor Frankenstein, tells him the story of his life. The letters set up the novel and create suspicion due to the reader not knowing what the significance of these letters is. However, Walton is the first of the characters that tells his story, which gives the reader an advantage to conclude for himself about his opinion towards the different characters. This device, frame narrative, establishes a complex layer of stories, hence, the reader listens to Victors story, so does Walton, and Walton’s sister to him. Throughout the story, Victor occasionally interrupts and addresses Walton directly, or when Walton signs the letters he is sending off to his sister. These are the first encounters with the different language devices that Mary Shelly uses to create more depth in addition to a different structure to other books. Moreover, the reader is compelled to give more attention to the book, in order to understand the plot, and have an own opinion about the different situations in the book. Furthermore, the letters also display the similarity between Walton and Victor, since they both seek to discover and complete objectives for the world. For example Walton describes how it will benefit the entire human race â€Å"Inestimable benefit on all mankind to the last generation† (pg.16 Walton) and Victor states that it will reveal the greatest power in the world â€Å"pioneer a new way, explore unknown powers, and unfold to the world the deepest mysteries of creation† (pg.49 Victor). The ambition to figure out the answer drives them both to their death and that of other innocent lives, demonstrating how the pursuit to solve such mysteries, with desire and determination, can result differently than one’s expectations. On the other hand the letters also surface the resemblance between other characters. Walton and the creation, Frankenstein, both present their loneliness and their wish to find a friend to share their stories. The isolation and loneliness in the novel is one of the most significant themes, which are presented throughout the form of epistolary. In the opening of the letters Walton expresses his lonesomeness â€Å"I shall commit my thoughts to paper, it is true; but that is a poor medium for the communication of feeling. I desire the company of a man who could sympathize with me, whose eyes would reply to mine. You may deem me romantic, my dear sister, but I bitterly feel the want of a friend† (Shelley 10). This is one of the first encounters with the theme, but later on this suffering repeats itself with the creation, Frankenstein, ‘When I looked around I saw and heard of none like me. Was I, the, a monster, a blot upon the earth from which all men fled and whom all men disowned?'† Chap. 13 pg. 105 The most appropriate reason why Mary Shelly would come to such a structure, would be to show the similarity between a normal human and a creature, also known as a monster, and matching hopes of not resulting abandoned. Mary Shelly questions here if humans and monster share a similarity, and if the humans can also posses these qualities of monsters. This insight to the emotions and perspectives of the characters, establishes an insight for the reader to their feelings and deeper thoughts, as well as a bond between the reader and character. Mary shelly motivates the reader to develop a personal opinion about these characters and the entire story and to judge whether or no the creature is a monster or simply misunderstood. Frankenstein has a very creative structure that helps create a meaningful effect on the reader, and compelling story. This form of frame narration, multiple different perspectives, provides us with the opportunity to develop our own opinion towards the characters and their actions. Not only opinions  are formed, but we also come to realize that creatures and humans, in this novel, share certain similarities. These can be interpreted that us humans have traits, similar to monsters, or the other way around. Overall, the novel has effects that cannot be established if the form of epistolary would have not been applied. This shows the complexity of layers in this novel and how the variety stimulates the story and provokes the reader. How to cite Themes in Frankenstein, Papers

English Language Keywords and Visual Features

Question: a. Understand variations in spoken language, explaining why language changes in relation to contexts. b. Evaluate the impact of spoken language choices in their own and anothers use. Answer: Introduction: This particular study provides an in-depth understanding of different types of multi-modal conversation. Multimodal conversation is primarily conducted through a particular medium. In order to maintain a communication through multimodal conversation people have to depend on various technological devices such as computer, telephone, smart phone or so on. This particular study has focused to highlight different classifications of spoken language. It has also been pointed out how pattern of spoken language changes time-to-time as per the context. The assignment has also concentrated on the purpose of adapting one specific language in order to make an effective communication. Multi Modal Language and its different features The concept of multimodal conversation is just the opposite of face-to-face communication. In face-to-face communication, people have to make a direct interaction with each other. The sender transmits the message directly to the receiver and the receiver on the other hand provides necessary feedback as per the senders message (David et al. 2011). On the other hand, multi modal conversation is conducted through any particular medium Therefore; the notion of multimodal communication belongs to the opposite category of direct communication, as it possesses some of the distinct characteristics. This type of communication has primarily been classified into two types that include spoken language and written language. The types of spoken language include telephonic conversation, voice message through messenger facebook and various applications. Written language implies that using formal letter, chatting through social media, conducting mail and so on. The primary features of spoken language in multimodal communication are as follows: The feedback of spoken language in multimodal communication is more immediate than even the written language Any kind of miscommunication in spoken conversation may create misunderstanding between the sender and the receiver In case of multimodal communication, the speaker can only use verbal form of conversation, as this type of communication is intense dependent on the medium. The necessary features of written language in multimodal communication are follows: The feedback of written language comes being delayed than spoken language In order to make understand any vital or important issue, written language has been used. One of the most important features of written language is that the conversation is interpersonal. Multimodal conversation possesses a greater positive outcome on people (Hu et al.2015). People like to communicate with each other through various social Medias like facebook, twiteer and messenger. The example of a facebook conversation is as follows: David: Hi Nora: Hello David: How was the day? Nora: It is fantastic...having many fun moments in my college... David: Oh really! How it was. Describe. Therefore, through this discussion it is evident that people can express their spontaneous overflow of emotion with each other. David is from United Kingdom and Nora is from USA. Still they love to share their emotions to each other (Hunston 2008). They can get the opportunity to communicate people beyond going any geographical boundary. As a result, people get accustomed with different culture and background. Consequently, they can get the scope to widen their mental horizon. Furthermore, the example of an informal conversation through text message is as follows: David: Hi Nora: Hello David: I have planned to arrange a get together by in this weekend. Nora: That is great David: Are you interested? Nora: Of course, I am interested. David: Cool. We are meeting at the weekend then. Therefore, this is an out-an-out informal conversation between two close friends through text messages. Text message has a greater impact in order to build the mental development of a particular individual. Here, both the sender and the receiver can exchange their point of views beyond going any formal conversation. Therefore, they can get the scope to expose their emotion that they cannot through facebook conversation. Moreover, the email conversation is more formal where the sender and receiver like to use only for maintaining a necessary conversation. Example that has been provided is as follows: Respected Sir, In response to your email in my personal Gmail account, dated 23 rd January 2016, I beg to state that I would like to work for the post of Academic developer in your company. The details of my academic records have already been sent to this particular mail id. Therefore I shall be highly obliged if you kindly consider me as a part of your company. Thanking you, Your Sincerely, M.H. Abrams In this context, the argument of John Humphyrys and David Crystal is very much relevant for this article. As per the point of view of Humphyrys, text messages with abbreviation style hamper the depth of language (Kathleen 2014). On the other hand, Crystal argues that text messages have enhanced the fluency of language. The communication skill has been increased because of chatting through different applications. Different variations in spoken language explaining how communication changes as per the context Spoken language has been divided into five types primarily that include interactional, referential, expressive, transactional and phatic. Using interactional spoken language both the sender and the receiver can exchange their point of views (Kataoka 2009). Expressive implies that sender or receiver like to expose their view or emption instead of being silent or introvert. Referential conversation goes from any individuals part. It is not like exchanging point of views with other. Here, sender or receiver makes the speech and the other person remains silent. In multimodal ways of conversation, non-verbal communication is not applicable, as the entire procedure has been executed through a particular medium such as electronic devices like telephone, smart phone and so many . Now, verbal communication of multimodal conversation is divided into three categories like interpersonal communication, group communication and mass communication. Interpersonal communication is a type of spoken communication conducted between two people. Group communication is executed among certain number of people and in mass communication, a large number of people have been involved for sending and receiving messages. The way of spoken language changes time-to-time as per the context. For an example, while conducting a group communication, the participants normally would love to use interactional spoken language because a large number of people are involved over here to exchange their point of view (Maalej 2015). On the other hand, when the people are involved in interpersonal communication expressive spoken language can be used because both the sender and the receiver can express themselves as much as possible. The impact of spoken language choice in their own and anothers use With the modern use of Multi modal language, a large number of people are involved in same conversation, specification of a particular language is very much important for maintaining an effective conversation (Mirza 2010). Otherwise, immense barriers occur in between the sender and the receiver. The primary issues that people have to face because of using various spoken languages are as follows: Linguistic barrier: People who are involved in the same conversation needs to needs to continue their study in a specific language so that this particular can be tangible to both of them. Otherwise, linguistic barriers take place in between them. Psychological barrier: If the conversation were not very much effective to both of the participants, they would not be able to understand the messages of each other. As a result, psychological barriers arise among the speakers. Delayed feedback: For the cause of communication barrier, senders and receivers fail to provide immediate feedback to other. It hampers highly on the rhythm of conversation. Therefore, adapting a specific language is very important in order to continue an effective conversation. Multimodal conversation allows the people for communicating any kind of people beyond going any particular geographical boundary (Tiede 2007). As a result, with the help of this specific conversation system people learn to avoid cultural, religious and social barriers within each other and maintain strong communication with them. Conclusion: In this assignment, the various classifications of spoken language have been described in detail. Multimodal conversation provides the opportunity to enhance the mental skill and ability of people. While making an effective conversation with the people of different country, individual gets the scope to learn the culture of that particular country. It helps to enhance the mental horizon of people. For that purpose, the assignment has highlighted that specification in spoken language is very essential so that people can understand the messages of each other. Reference List: David, R., Xiong, N., Yang, L. and Park, J. 2011. Using Multi-Modal Semantic Association Rules to fuse keywords and visual features automatically for Web image retrieval. Information Fusion, 12(3), pp.223-230. Hu, Y., Grossberg, M. and Mageras, G. 2015. What Image Features Are Useful for Tumor Segmentation in Multi-Modal Images. Med. Phys., 42(6), pp.3213-3213. Hunston, S. 2008. The evaluation of status in multi-modal texts. FOL, 15(1), pp.64-83. Kathleen, J. 2014. Multi Modal Face Recognition Using Block Based Curvelet Features. International Journal of Computer Graphics Animation, 4(2), pp.21-37. Kataoka, K. 2009. A multi-modal ethnopoetic analysis (Part 1): Text, gesture, and environment in Japanese spatial narrative. Language and Communication, 29(4), pp.287-311. Maalej, Z. 2015. Mono-modal and multi-modal metaphors and metonymies in policy change: the case of the KSU2030 strategic plan. Language Sciences, 47, pp.1-17. Mirza, D. 2010. Multi-modal optimization techniques for improving qualitative features of biophysical neural models. Front. Neurosci., 4(9), pp.78-100. Tiede, H. 2007. Inessential Features, Ineliminable Features, and Modal Logics for Model Theoretic Syntax. Journal of Logic, Language and Information, 17(2), pp.217-227.

Women and Men an Example of the Topic Psychology Essays by

Women and Men As human beings, there are some aspects in our thought that we cant account for why we particularly think that way. Sometimes, we discover we have some preconceived ideas about a group of people, an issue or about a thing, not knowing what informs our perspective of the issue we are thinking of. When this happens, then we have a stereotype about the idea in question. Need essay sample on "Women and Men" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Stereotypes can be said to be fixed ideas about a thing, concept, or a group of people as a result of an oversimplification of certain studies about the concept, thing or group of people. Generally speaking, stereotypes have been in human thought as far back as society has existed and could be both negative and positive as it comes as a result of biases that fill the minds of people. Thus, we can say that all stereotypes are fallacies because they draw a conclusion from the number of evidence which they have observed. An example of stereotypes is the claim that Black people are better in sports than white people. Indeed, the society has made a definition of the roles that men and women should fill. Today, it is not absurd to note that some attributes are expected to be peculiar to women and men in the society. It is believed that each sex should be appreciated by the restrictions of the various boundaries that the society has placed on them. Therefore, when some things are done by women or men in the society, people say that these actions expected because the fact that it is accepted of the sex to behave in that manner. One of the ways by which the society displays their stereotype on both sexes is by ascribing some gender roles to men and women in the society. In our society today, one of the prevalent stereotypes that are being held by people generally is the fact that women should be tender and soft while men should be hard. The question that this essay seeks to answer is why people hold this position? In this essay, attempt will also be made in ascertaining whether the basis of their claim is really sound. As I perceive, the first reason why people hold this position is because of the psychological makeup of both sex. The truth is that men are wired in such a way that they rely more on facts rather that sentiments and emotions. This is probably what accounts for the way they think and behave generally. On the other hand, because of their psychological makeup, women tend to be more emotional and this makes them tenderer and less hard than men. Oftentimes, there is a unique distinction between how these two sexes think. Psychological findings have proved that due to the brain formation of men, they tend to think in the factual way and tend to have an analytic approach to issues. On the other hand, the composition of the brain of a woman makes her thinking to be directed towards a rather softer and sentimental/emotional way and this is how they view life. Overtime, I believe that the gender roles that have been ascribed to the woman and the man can also be the responsible for this claim. Naturally, because of the physiological makeup of men, the society tends to believe that man should be responsible for the duties that require strength while women, who look more fragile, should handle tasks that demand lesser strength. Apart from this, man is entrusted with leadership over women therefore although men have emotions; they tend not to want to show it as they see it as a sign of weakness. At this point, the question is given the gender roles that have been attributed to both men and women, should men be taught in way by which women are taught in the society? Would this make them better? Personally, I am of the opinion that this would be a welcomed idea because men have caved under the burden of responsibility that the society has placed on him but still does not recognize some aspects that are in him. He wants to show that he is stronger and that he is in charge and that he has everything under control. As much as I appreciate the fact that men are standing up to their responsibilities, I believe he should be taught in a way where he will appreciate the emotional side of him rather than seeking to ignore it. This, for me, is the balanced life. Reference: Media Awareness Network, What is a Stereotype? Media Awareness Network, Exposing Gender Stereotypes Hurst, E. Social Inequality: Forms, Causes, and Consequences(2007) Boston: Pearson Education, Inc

The Industries Where People Are Most Likely to Quit Their Jobs

The Industries Where People Are Most Likely to Quit Their Jobs People threaten to quit their jobs all the time. That doesn’t mean they do. But it is a common enough refrain- and a common enough occurrence. Turns out, however, it seems to be more common in certain fields than in others. Here are 10 fields most susceptible to losing personnel.1. HospitalityYou try waiting on grumpy people your entire workweek. Food service employees and people in the travel industry work crazy hours and are paid relatively little, which can be difficult to sustain. Plus, this industry draws young people supplementing their income and often loses employees to their forever careers.2. HealthcareHigh stakes, high stress. It’s not easy having people’s lives in your hands. Sometimes this field can be too much to take long term.3. Real EstateIt’s easy enough to get your license and start practicing. But this job is actually incredibly difficult in terms of achieving actual success. Almost half of aspiring agents quit after failing to make the ir first sale. Without the right negotiation skills and sales prowess, it can be incredibly difficult to stick out.4. Non-profitHard work, personal development†¦ no money. Unless you’re in a top management position, this can be a frustrating and unrewarding venture. Lots of non-profit sector employees tend to migrate into the private sector to make more money.5. Mining/loggingTalk about grueling, hazardous work. There’s a very high risk of fatalities in this field and the earnings are comparatively low. So when miners or loggers get a shot out, they almost always take it.6. ConstructionThis career choice is not terribly well compensated, and can be extremely dangerous.7. RetailMuch like the service industry, retail attracts younger employees who can suffer the low hourly wage and unpleasant, inflexible hours. But very few stick around if they can help it.8. Arts and entertainmentLots of people have dreams to be performers, actors, musicians, magicians, you name it . But the career is exceptionally challenging and paid opportunities are scarce. Given the difficulty in finding a stable career path, lots of artists end up finding other work.9. Trades/transportMany workers who quit this field move onto better opportunities, considering the skilled labor involved. Some, however, don’t- such as taxi drivers, truckers, freight haulers, etc. The work can be taxing and the pay relatively low.10. Transportation warehousing/utilitiesWith an even higher fatality rate than mining and logging, these workers are at a very high risk for workplace injury. And, again, the pay is often hardly worth the risk.

Discussion Boards 2-3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion Boards 2-3 - Assignment Example For this reason, it will be quite important for all therapists to consult widely about the exact dynamics of dual relationship in order to avoid finding themselves in a precarious situation. Dual relationship can undoubtedly become an ethically troubling incident in a wide range of settings, which include both clinical and non-clinical in multifaceted ways. The first major ethical concern is the fact that it can lead to boundary violation. Boundaries are often set in relationships to maintain professionalism. However, dual relationship is believed to create boundary issues due to unclear and ambiguous boundaries. The more the therapist engages in dual relationships with the client the issue of role conflict arises making dual relation a major ethical issue. The same case also applies to the client as he/she also becomes confused of which of the two or more predefined roles should take precedence. There is also an ethical concern of impaired professional judgment during care delivery as the therapist may overlook his professional counseling role (Capuzzi & Stauffer, 2012). The final ethical issue associated with dual relationship involves power exploitation. It is believ ed that the party holding influential position can sue the dynamics of power arising from the dual relationship to exploit or harm the susceptible

Temperament Theory Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Temperament Theory - Research Paper Example It also shows the difference between each and every individual infant. The way children behave in the society forms the major part of this study. Since behavior of children in each stage of their life changes, this theory gives us an opportunity to study about the difference in their behavior. It also provides a way to know about the children’s psychological development and factors that determine a child’s relationship with their parents. Temperament theory paves a way to analyze a child’s social activities and its approach towards life. As parent play a major part in a child’s life, their experiences are also taken into consideration. Temperament theory was proposed way back in the 1970’s but it has gained popularity only after the intervention of certain researchers. Researches specify that parents and pediatricians have a major part to play in a child’s life and they are considered to be the best people from whom a child’s characteristic feature can be understood. (Rothbart, 1981).This theory uses parents report to analyze the children and this report is of great help to measure a child’s level of tolerance and behavior. Recent studies have proposed advanced techniques to assess a child’s behavior and temperament. Temperamental characteristics of a child are recorded for a longer duration since the behavior differs depending on the situation. Though there are various methods to analyze a child’s temperament, certain unique theories and methods have been used for a longer of period of time. They have proved to be successful among most of the countries. These methods consider a child’s activities, level of stress and fear to a particular situation. The level of persistence is also taken into consideration since it enables them to know about the child’s annoyance and arrogance. This process cannot be done hastily and no child can be analyzed overnight. It requires months of study and analysis. To accomplish this, a questionnaire

Path Planning Strategy For Line Follower Computer Science Essay

Path Planning Strategy For Line Follower Computer Science Essay This paper presents the development of a line follower wheeled mobile robot. In this project, ARM cortex-3 based microcontroller is chosen as the main controller to react towards the data received from infrared line sensors to give fast, smooth, accurate and safe movement in partially structured environment. A dynamic PID control algorithm has been proposed to improve the navigation reliability of the wheeled mobile robot which uses differential drive locomotion system. The experimental results show that the dynamic PID algorithm can be performed under the system real-time requirements. Keywords embedded system, wheeled mobile robot, PID control algorithm. Introduction Embedded system includes many areas of knowledge, microcontroller hardware and software, interfacing technologies, automatic control theory, and sensor technologies etc. To speed up the learning process and motivate students to learn actively, the project-based learning approach may be applied in the embedded system design laboratory [1-4]. The low-cost wheeled mobile robot building, which is proposed in this paper, serves as a good example on which students can learn embedded system design skills. It covers not only common embedded system peripherals, but also energy control and real-time control firmware implementation. The process of the construction of wheeled mobile robot can give students the idea that hardware circuits and software algorithms are both mandatory for a successful embedded system design. The competition between student groups in the racing contest can also encourage them to explore in depth the skills acquired in this laboratory as well as give them lots of fun [ 5-7]. The remainder of this paper is organized as follows: The line follower robot structure and architecture issues and challenges along with their technical issues and problems are discussed in section 2. Programming details will be explained in section 3. Section 4 describes the integration of the complete system. LÄ ±ne follower wheeled MobÄ ±le Robot structure Generally, the line follower robot is one of the self-acting wheeled mobile mechanisms that follow a line drawn on the floor. The route can be a visible black line on a white surface or vice versa. The simple operations of the wheeled mobile line follower robot are shown below. Taking the line position data with optical sensors attached at the front end of the mobile robot. Most are using more than a few numbers of IR photo-reflectors. Therefore, the line sensing procedure needs high resolution and high robustness. Steering the wheeled mobile robot to track the line with any direction-finding mechanism. This is just a servo maneuver; actually, any phase recompense will be required to become stable following motion by applying digital PID filter or any similar servo algorithm. Monitoring the speed according to the path complaint. The speed is restricted during passing a turn due to the friction of the tire with the floor. From actually building the robot platform, to setting up, programming, and hardware or software fine tuning, everything needs to be taken into account when building a differential wheeled mobile robot. A mobile robot can be considered fundamentally as a combination of five main portions and subsystems. Chassis and body. Sensors and signal processing circuits. Microcontroller and interface circuits. Motor drivers Actuators (Motors and wheels) The Chassis and Body The Chassis would be the first part of a robots body. It is designed to handle all of the other components, transmission mechanisms, electronics and battery. It needs to be sufficiently large and provide adequate fixtures to furnish all necessary parts, as well as sturdy enough to cope with the weight of the parts along with additional loads which can appear in dynamic conditions such as vibrations, shocks or chassis torsion and actuators torque. There are some good materials for designing robots such as plastic, aluminum and carbon-composites. We must pay attention to the resistance, weight and mechanical ability for choosing one of them. In the designed robot, printed circuit board (PCB) has been used for chassis because of its lightweight and being strong enough for robot project. All components can be installed on the PCB to minimize the weight. It is noted that the performance is much more valuable than other issues. Sensors and Signal Processing Circuit Line follower robot uses Infrared Ray (IR) sensors to find the path and direction. IR sensors include an infrared transmitter and infrared receiver pair. IR sensors are often used to identify white and black surfaces. White surfaces effectively reflect well, but black surfaces reflect poorly. Hence, the distance between sensors and ground surface is important, and it is more valuable that how we put sensors near to each other. The distance between sensors and ground surface must be 2 to 10 mm, and the distance between each sensor is dependent on the line width. In the designed robot, we have used eight sensors, and they have a suitable distance between each other. If the line width is narrow, the distance between sensors must be reduced; otherwise, while curving the line, the robot will not be turned on time. Generally, the received signals from the sensors are analog and must be converted to the digital form. Therefore, the designed signal processing circuit can send the sensors signals to the microcontroller directly. Microcontroller We have used the TI Stellaris microcontroller LM3S811 in robot project. The LM3S811 microcontroller has a Reduced Instruction Set Coding (RISC) core. Internal oscillators, timers, UART, USB, SPI, pull-up resistors, pulse width modulation, ADC, analog comparator and watch-dog timers are some of the features [8]. With on-chip in-system programmable Flash and SRAM, the LM3S811 is a perfect choice in order to optimize cost. Motor Drivers A well-known and suitable motor driver is IC L298 which can be used to control two motors. It is a high voltage, high-current dual full-bridge driver designed to accept standard TTL logic levels and drive inductive loads such as DC and stepping motors [9]. Two enable inputs are provided to enable or disable the device independently of the input signals. L298 has 2 amperes per channel current capacity and it can support up to 45 volts for outputting. Moreover, L298 works well up to 16 volts without any heat sink. The Actuators (Motors and Wheels) There are many kinds of motors and wheels. Our choice depends on the robot function, power, speed, and precision. Actually, it is better to use gearbox motors instead of common DC motors because it has gears and an axle and its speed does not change towards the top of a hill or downhill. Motors are rated to operate at 1700 rpm at 7 volt nominal voltage. It is better to use wheels for line follower robots, instead of a tank system. We can use three wheels. Two of them are joined to the motors and installed at the rear of the robot and the other wheel is free and installed in front of the robot as a passive caster. To get better maneuver, robot uses two motors and two wheels on the rear and a free wheel on the front. The power supply is 7.6 V with a regulator. The designed robot has eight infrared sensors on the front bottom for detecting the line. Arm based microcontroller Stellaris and driver L298 were used to control direction and speed of motors. General view of the line follower robot that we built is shown in Fig. 1. The robot is controlled by the microcontroller. It performs the change in the motor direction by sending an appropriate signal to the driver IC according to the received signals from the sensors. Real Time Task Scheduling We built a light-weighted and high-speed robot because points are awarded based upon the distance covered and the speed of the overall robot. Therefore, we used two high speed motors and a highly sensitive signal conditioning circuit. The body weight and wheels radius have effects on the speed, too. The weight of the designed robot is around 300 gr. and it could be lighter. The photograph of the top and bottom views of the designed robot is shown in Fig. 1. The microcontroller sends instructions to the driver after processing the data received from sensors. The driver powers the motors according to the inputs. Actually the driver supplies positive voltage to one of the motor pins and negative voltage to the other. There are five states of movement: To move forward; both of the motors are turned on and rotate forward simultaneously. To move left; the right motor is turned on and the left motor is turned off. To move right; the left motor is turned on and the right motor is turned off. To move left fast; the right motor rotates forward and the left motor rotates backward. To move right fast; the left motor rotates forward and the right motor rotates backward. Most embedded system applications need to react to the inputs or environment changes in real time, which means that the accuracy of computations is as important as their timelines. Furthermore, digital control algorithms need a fixed sampling time interval for measuring inputs and delivering output commands. Therefore, the idea of applying interrupts for task scheduling is introduced in this work. IMAG0388 (a) IMAG0392 (b) Figure 1 Images show (a) top, (b) bottom views of the built line follower robot. The Quadratic Line-Detection Algorithm A better way of detecting the line position, compared to the other simple line-following robots, by using a quadratic interpolation technique is introduced. Eight reflective optical sensors were used, and the coordinate of the leftmost sensor was 0. To find out the correct position of the black line, we had to locate three consecutive sensors with higher output readings than the other five sensors as shown in Fig. 2. Assume that the coordinates of these 3 sensors are x1, x1+1, and x1+2, and the true shape of the sensor output values are in the range of [x1, x1+2] which can be approximated by a quadratic curve. One can then find the following relationships between the coordinates of the sensors and the output values: (1) (2) (3) The coordinate value, at which the output value of the quadratic curve is the maximum, is considered as the true position of the line. By using the basic calculus, one would know that the coordinate value is: (4) (5) (6) It is assumed that the coordinate for the center position of the line-following robot is 0. Therefore, the error e between the line position and the center position of the robot is e â‚ ¬Ã‚ ½Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  0â‚ ¬Ã‚ ­Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  x â‚ ¬Ã‚ ½Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ­x (7) Figure 2 The line detection algorithm via quadratic interpolation. PID Tracking Control Algorithm The popular proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller was introduced in this project to make the robot follow the racing track. The error between the center of the sensors and the track to be followed was then processed by the PID controller to generate velocity commands for the right and left wheels. First, the controller calculates the current position and then calculates the error established on the current situation. It will then send commands the motors to give a rigid turn, if the error is extraordinary or a minor turn, if the error is small. Basically, the amount of the turn given will be proportional to the error. Of course this is a consequence of the proportional control. Even after this, if the error does not decline approximately to zero, the controller will then growth the degree of the turn further and further over time till the robot centers over the line. This is the result of the integral control. In the process of centering over the line, the robot may overshoot the target position and move to the other side of the line where the above process is followed again. Thus, the robot may keep oscillating about the line in order to center over the line. To reduce the oscillating effect over time, the derivative control is used. The proportional term is only a gain ampli fier, and the derivative term is applied in order to improve the response to disturbance, and also to compensate for phase lag at the controlled object. Pseudo Code for the PID Controller; Kp = 10 Ki = 1 Kd = 100 offset = 45 ! Initialize the variables Tp = 50 integral = 0 ! the place where integral value will be stored lastError = 0 ! place where last error value will be stored derivative = 0 ! place where derivative value will be stored Loop forever LightValue = read sensors ! read sensors. error = -x ! calculate the error using equation (7). integral = integral + error ! calculate the integral derivative = error lastError ! calculate the derivative Turn = Kp*error + Ki*integral + Kd*derivative powerA = Tp + Turn ! power level for motor A powerB = Tp Turn ! power level for motor B MOTOR A direction=forward power=PowerA MOTOR B direction=forward power=PowerB lastError = error ! save the current error end loop forever ! do it again. PID controller requires the Kp, Ki and Kd factors to be set to match wheeled line follower robots characteristics and these values depends on robot structures, actuators, sensors and other electronic components characteristics. There is no equation given in the literature to calculate Kp, Ki and Kd factors. It requires experimental trial and error technique until you get the favorite behavior. We defined these factors according to following guidelines; Start with low speed and setting values of Kp, Ki and Kd to 0. Then, try setting Kp to a value of 1 and observe the robot. The goal is to get the robot to follow the line even if it is extremely wobbly. If the robot overshoots and misses the line, decrease the value of Kp. If the robot cannot navigate a turn or seems listless, increment the Kp value with small steps. Once the mobile robot is able to follow the path, set Kd value to 1 and then try growing this value until you see less shake. Once the robot is fairly stable at following the line, assign a value of .5 to 1.0 to Ki. If the Ki value is extraordinary, the robot will shake left and right rapidly. If it is too low, you wont see any perceivable alteration. Since integral is increasing, the Ki value has a substantial impact. You may continue to retuning process with adjusting Ki by .01 increments. Once the mobile robot is tracking the line with reasonable accuracy, you can increase the speed and see if it is still able to track the line. Speed disturbs the PID controller and will require rearranging as the speed fluctuations. Results And Discusion A line following robot is programed with simple (on/off) control as a comparison purpose in evaluating the performance of the dynamic algorithm controlled robot. The results of the experiment are summarized in Table-1. From the data in the table, it can be observed that dynamic PID algorithm controlled robot has better performance in every criteria listed in the table compared to simple (on/off) control robot. The dynamic algorithm controlled robot has higher velocity, consumes less time to complete one whole circuit, tracks the line smoother and has lower tendency to astray from line compared to uncontrolled robot. Therefore this system can be used in training undergraduate students on dynamic PID algorithm control system, its application and implementation in the real world and the advantages that it offers. Fig. 3 shows the designed robot during race pits test. Figure 3 The designed robot on the race pits. Table 1- Experimental result for Line Following Robot. Criteria Dynamic PID algorithm Simple (on/off) Time to complete one whole circuit 47.6s 71.4s Line tracking Smooth Not so smooth Velocity 0.2m/s 0.14m/s Tendency to astray from line Low High Conclusion The designed wheeled line follower mobile robot has eight infrared sensors on the bottom for detecting the line. The controller board includes Stellaris LM3S811 micro-controller and the motor driver L298 which were used to control the direction and the speed of motors. The proposed dynamic PID algorithm derives the line follower locomotion by adequately combining the information from sensor module. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can successfully achieve target following in various scenarios, including straight line and circular motion, sharp-turn motion and S-shape line tracking. We are working currently to develop a more sophisticated algorithm which can perform faster line tracking with less energy consumption.

Savage Inequalities by Jonathan Kozol :: Education Poverty Public Schools

Savage Inequalities, written by Jonathan Kozol, shows his two-year investigation into the neighborhoods and schools of the privileged and disadvantaged. Kozol shows disparities in educational expenditures between suburban and urban schools. He also shows how this matter affects children that have few or no books at all and are located in bad neighborhoods. You can draw conclusions about the urban schools in comparison to the suburban ones and it would be completely correct. The differences between a quality education and different races are analyzed. Kozol even goes as far as suggesting that suburban schools have better use for their money because the children's futures are more secure in a suburban setting. He thinks that each child should receive as much as they need in order to be equal with everyone else. If children in Detroit have greater needs than a student in Ann Arbor, then the students in Detroit should receive a greater amount of money. My perception was changed completely after reading this book, I never knew that so many schools were situated in the ghettos and were so badly overcrowded or only had two toilets working for about 1000 students, and no toilet paper. What really upsets me is the fact that within the exact same city limits, there are schools situated in the suburbs which average 20 per classroom and have enough supplies and computers for every child to receive one as their own. Of course the majority of these suburban schools are dominantly white and the urban schools hold the minorities. The dropout rates that are listed in the book are ridiculous. Most of the children drop out in secondary school and never receive a proper education because of the lack of supplies or lack of teachers' interests. The majority of the kids are black or Hispanic in the poor schools and the suburban schools hold the upper-class white children and the occasional Asian or Japanese children who are in the gifted classe s. The small population of blacks and Hispanics that go to the schools are placed into the "special" classrooms and their "mental retardations" can be blamed for their placements. The majority of these students are not mental and they belonged in a regular classroom among whites and Asians. Kozol argues that the system is separate and unequal and he builds upon his hypothesis until it becomes credible.

Hartmann’s Ego Development and Adaptation Essay

Heinz Hartmann’s Ego Development and Adaptation was a more comprehensive development of Sigmund Freud’s theory of Psychoanalysis. In the theory Freud divided the human mind into the id, ego and superego with each part having a specific function. The id was the internal instinctive drive for satisfaction of basic human needs and desires. The ego developed in a person to counter the id and its basic drive. The ego in some quarters is known as pride since it separated man from animal by controlling unbridled instinctive behavior. The superego constituted the conscience of the person and helped to balance the id and the ego, allowing either to operate only as necessary to satisfy basic human desires while maintaining the dignity of the individual (Hartmann, 1958). This paper is a summary of Hartmann’s theory on Ego Development and Adaptation. Ego Development and Adaptation Like Freud, Hartmann believed that the ego developed as a result of human interaction with the environment. This environment provided external stimuli such as rebuke by parents and mistakes such as falling down a slippery floor that shaped the way a person interacted with his environment after the experience (Hartmann, 1958). However, he went further to assiduously study ego functions hence coming up with a general psychology and a clinical instrument to evaluate the functioning of an individual and formulate therapeutic interventions. He believed that the ego was not formed just by external influences but also has innate capacities such as perception, attention, memory, concentration, motor coordination, and language. Under what he termed an average expectable environment these capacities developed independently of libidinal and aggressive drives; consequently they were not products of frustration and conflict (Hartmann, 1958). Nevertheless, he agreed that the human condition was inextricably embroiled in conflict thus some of the functions were shaped and conditioned by such conflicts. Aggressive and libidinal drives therefore helped shape these functions in the face of the conflicts (Hartmann, 1958). Conclusion So according to Hartmann the duty of the psychoanalyst is to neutralize the impulses shaped by conflict so as to expand conflict free functions. Only in this way can the psychoanalyst help facilitate the proper adaptation of the individual to his environment (Hartmann, 1958).

Teen Pregnancy Is An Epidemic - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1275 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/04/05 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Teenage Pregnancy Essay Did you like this example? In recent years a total of 22.3 per 1,000 women between the ages of fifteen and nineteen became pregnant in America (Source 1). This continues to still a be a large amount of teenagers that become pregnant each year but the percentages have fallen by eight percent since 2014. Teenage pregnancy is still a serious concern in american society. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Teen Pregnancy Is An Epidemic" essay for you Create order Over nine percent of the teenage girls living in american get pregnant between the ages of fifteen and seventeen. Between 1991 and 2016 the rate of teen births has decreased by sixty-seven percent nationwide. Teenage pregnancy most definitely comes with a high cost with having to deal with doctor bills and all of the short term and long term effects that come along with teenage pregnancy. Teenage pregnancy is a term that continues to gain more and more attention across American society. As a matter of fact, the issue that society refers to as teenage pregnancy did not always exist in American culture (Source 2). In earlier times most people where married before they had kids, it was considered a sin if they became pregnant before marriage. In the mid 1950s teen pregnancy reached its peak by about one out of ten teenage girls got pregnant between the ages of fifteen and nineteen. This is still a very serious problem in todays society, but since the past two decades the rates of teenage pregnancy have been steadily declining. For years teenage pregnancy rates have been higher in southern industrialized areas (Source 3). There is no exact explanation for why these rates are higher in the south, but one contributing factor could be that there is much more poverty and they do not bring much attention to the resources that can prevent teenage pregnancy. In 2016 there were 20.3 births for every one thousand adolescent females from the ages fifteen to nineteen (Source 4). These numbers are still extremely high but for some odd reason african americans and latino rates are much higher than any other racial group of people in America. Ever since teenage pregnancy has became a concern in society there are always the long lasting effects that follow right behind it. There are many effects that come along with teenage pregnancy. Most teenagers lack the skills and knowledge that it takes to be a mother. Most teenage moms dont complete higher levels of education (Source 5). Teenage mothers are more likely to dropout of high school before even getting their diploma. This is because most of the time they are bullied and or made fun of for the poor decision they made. Some teenage mothers will even experience poverty and a complex array of social factors (Source 6). Most teen moms do not have the education nor ability to maintain a full time job and the ability to take care of there infant at the same time. The chances of a teen mom being economically successful are extremely low. Therefore, it is common for them to struggle for awhile if not the rest of their life while raising their child. Most of the time having a baby as a teenager will occasionally put the mother at increased risk for postpartum depression (Source 7). Teen moms are twice as lik ely to get postpartum depression than older adults. This is a disorder the mothers could experience during or after her pregnancy. A few of the causes of this disorder are sadness, anxiety and occasional suicidal thoughts. There are times when uncertainty about the future will arise when a teenage girl is pregnant (Source 7). Occasionally a teenage parent may feel that they do not have the ability or knowledge it takes to be a successful parent. They may come across some fears about how the baby will affect their future dreams and goals. Teenage moms dont just experience these effects but they also experience several problems and occasional compilations that come along with the pregnancy. There are many problems and occasional complications that come along with the teenage pregnancy. It is extremely important that a pregnant mother is to seek adequate medical care during her pregnancy because if not it can often result in moderate or severe complications (Source 8). The most commonly experienced complications during the pregnancy include anemia, toxemia and premature birth. Toxemia is a very serious condition where you experience abnormal swelling in your body that can eventually affect the unborn baby. Teenagers who become pregnant at a young age have a much higher risk of preterm birth, which often goes along with low birth weight (Source 9). It is very important that a pregnant mother consumes the right amount of nutrients that is needed for the baby to grow properly and to help prevent preterm birth. If the baby happens to be born earlier than expected it raises the risk of death or a serious disability. If a baby is born with a low birth weight, which is common w hen dealing with teenage pregnancy, it makes it difficult for the infant to gain weight and can also cause they baby to face serious health risks. Teenage mothers are also at a higher risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). It can prevent the placenta from receiving enough blood which can result in low birth weight (Source 10). Pregnancy-induced hypertension is a pregnancy complication that is often caused by elevated blood pressure that can sometimes result in swelling which is due to protein in the urine. There are many negative side effects when it comes to dealing with this specific complication such as temporary kidney failure, blood clotting, liver problems and premature birth. Teenage mothers dont just face some of these complications but they also have to face what the society thinks of them. Teenage pregnancy does not just come along with several problems but it also affects american society. In most developing nations, governments plan welfare schemes to take good care of teenage mothers and their children, which results in a loss in government revenue (Source 11). The U.S. government spends about seven billion dollars in helping to fund teenage pregnancies each year. The government will somewhat help to provide money for public assistance, child health care, and foster care by not making the teenage mother pay taxes. Due to the government doing this they will face a large amount of revenue loss. Almost all teenage mothers lack the acquiring basic education qualifications, which leads them to a more poorly paid job which increases the risk of destitution in the society (Source 11). In most situations like this the father usually abdondes the teenage mother, leaving her with the sole responsibility. This normally leaves the mother living the rest of her life in povert y and running on the risk of imminent destitution. Almost eighty percent of all teenage mothers solely rely on the social welfare of government schemes designed by the nation. The rate in literacy continues to drop in society when teenagers get pregnant (Souce 12). When most teenagers get pregnant they make the choice to drop out of school or to take a temporary break on their education. This affects the society as a whole due to literacy rates dropping. As teenage pregnancy continues to affect american society the outlook on the future is getting better and better each year. In America slightly less than one in ten teenage girls become pregnant each year. The term teenage pregnancy still continues to be a nationwide problem in the american society. Although, the rates of teenage pregnancy are continuing to decrease year by year. Teenage girls still need to understand the consequences of becoming pregnant at such a young age. Becoming pregnant at a young age doesnt just leave the teenager at a higher risk of complications but at poverty and lack of responsibility.